50 results about "Hydrocarbon" patented technology

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for intensifying the energy content of an organic material by converting the material into hydrocarbons and the resulting product thereof. A method for converting an organic material into hydrocarbon fuels is disclosed. The method comprising the steps of pressurising said organic material being in a fluid to a pressure above 225 bar, heating said organic material in said fluid to a temperature above 200 C in the presence of a homogeneous catalyst comprising a compound of at least one element of group IA of the periodic table of elements. The disclosed method further comprises the steps of contacting said organic material in said fluid with a heterogeneous catalyst comprising a compound of at least one element of group IVB of the periodic table and/or alpha-alumina assuring that said fluid has initially a pH value of above 7.

Methods and apparatus are disclosed for recovering metals from metal-containing support materials such as mineral ores. In one embodiment, the metal may be separated from crushed support material or ore in a bioleaching lagoon by the action of hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria under anaerobic conditions. The bioleached material is then pumped into a precipitation lagoon where hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria oxidize the metals under aerobic conditions. In another embodiment, metals may be directly biooxidized from a heap of the metal-containing support material having a hydrocarbon/oxygen injection system embedded therein. A water sprinkler system may be used to wet the heap while the hydrocarbon/oxygen injection system stimulates the growth of hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria. The resulting effluent solution may be pumped or gravity fed to an aerobic precipitation lagoon where aerobic hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria are used to precipitate or otherwise deposit the metals onto a deposition material.

A gas generating process, which is for the continuous production of energy and hydrogen for rocket and other propulsion and is also for the continuous production of hydrogen, utilizes the reaction of metallic materials, particularly aluminum, with organic materials, particularly hydrocarbons provided as jet fuel, and with water or an oxidizer which is predominantly water. In comparison with related reactions, the reaction produces hot gases containing more hydrogen and the products have a lower temperature for the same specific impulse. The process incorporates organic liquids with metallic powders to produce desirable, lower molecular weight exhaust gas products; and the increased hydrogen is desirable for use with a fuel cell and in connection with propulsion of a super-cavitating underwater device. The process is advantageous in that a metal, in powdered form, and a hydrocarbon liquid may be provided together as a slurry or gel for effective metering. The metallic material may also be provided with the organic material in the form of a binder as used in solid propellants, and the organic material and water may be provided together in the form of a water containing liquid monopropellant. The hydrogen containing product gases from the reaction may be further reacted with suitable oxidizers for production of additional energy or steam. The reaction is particularly useful for underwater vehicles where ambient water is available and the reaction products may be used for propulsion.

Method of imaging seismic data recorded using a set of seismic receivers positioned to receive seismic responses from a subsurface formation upon activating a seismic source. The seismic responses are direction-sensitive responses. A virtual signal received by receiver k from the virtual source at the position of receiver m is determined by processing involving cross correlating at least part of the responses of a receiver m with at least part of the responses of a seismic receiver k. Part of direction-sensitive responses or part of the virtual signal that contains a component of the wave field at receiver m traveling in a first direction and part of the direction-sensitive responses or part of the virtual signal that contains a component of the wave field at the receiver k traveling in a second direction may be removed.

A conjugated diene polymer is provided that contains a conjugated diene-based monomer unit and a group represented by Formula (I) below, at least peaks H, M, and L below being present in a molecular weight distribution curve obtained by gel permeation chromatography measurement, and when the total area of the molecular weight distribution curve is 100%, the total peak area of peak H is 3% to 30%, the total peak area of peak M is 5% to 45%, and the total peak area of peak L is 40% to 80%

(in Formula (I), R¹ and R² independently denote a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbonoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydroxy group, or a polymer chain containing a conjugated diene-based monomer unit, m denotes an integer of 0 to 10, and A¹ denotes a polar functional group that does not have an active hydrogen)

Peak H: a peak for which the molecular weight at the peak top is higher than the molecular weight at the peak top of peak M

Peak M: a peak for which, when the molecular weight at the peak top of peak H is MH, the molecular weight at the peak top is 0.6×MH to 0.8×MH

Peak L: a peak for which, when the molecular weight at the peak top of peak H is MH, the molecular weight at the peak top is 0.2×MH to 0.4×MH.

The flow of a stimulation fluid may be diverted from a high permeability zone to a low permeability portion of a subterranean formation by use of an acid soluble or acid degradable solid particulate and a composite of an acid or an acid generating compound adsorbed onto a water-insoluble adsorbent. Conductive flow of hydrocarbons from an occluded fracture may be resumed by release of the acid from the adsorbent or the acid generating compound.

The invention discloses a method for updating heavy hydrocarbon to produce light oil and a plasma hydrogenation reactor for the method. The plasma hydrogenation reactor comprises a cavity and a preheater, wherein the cavity is surrounded by low-voltage electrode reaction tubes, the top and the bottom of the cavity are respectively sealed by an upper insulating flange and a lower insulating flange, the inside of the cavity is provided with high-voltage electrodes extending in the axial direction of the cavity, the low-voltage electrode reaction tubes and the high-voltage electrodes are respectively connected with a plasma power supply, the inside of the cavity, corresponding to the reaction areas of the high-voltage electrodes, is provided with insulating medium, the outside of the cavity is sheathed with a heating furnace, the preheater is communicated with the cavity by a material inlet, and the inside of the cavity, corresponding to a gas product outlet, is provided with a gas and liquid separating area. Compared with the traditional catalytic hydrogenation, the amount of free radicals of active hydrogen is increased in a doubling way by the plasma hydrogenation, the generation amount and generation speed of the free radicals of the active hydrogen can be adjusted through adjusting the discharging parameters, and the generation amount and generation speed of the free radicals of heavy oil can be adjusted through adjusting the temperature, so as to realize a matching purpose.

The invention discloses a preparation method of polyarylether containing quaternary ammonium side groups, comprising the following steps: a) adding bisphenol containing tertiary amine side groups, a halogenated organism monomer or nitrated organism monomer, a catalyst and a solvent, thus obtaining mixed solution; b) obtaining polyarylether containing tertiary amine side groups by polymerization reaction of the mixed solution obtained from the step a) at temperature of 30-180 DEG C; and c) adding halogenated hydrocarbon in the polyarylether containing tertiary amine side groups, and stirring at temperature of 0-100 DEG C, thus obtaining the polyarylether containing quaternary ammonium side groups. The invention also discloses a polyarylether containing quaternary ammonium side groups, and the sites and the number of the quaternary ammonium side groups are controllable. Compared with the prior art, the materials used in the invention is bisphenol containing tertiary amine side groups, no additional tertiary amine side groups or quaternary ammonium side groups are introduced in the generation process of the polyarylether containing quaternary ammonium side groups, so that the sites and the number of the quaternary ammonium side groups in the polyarylether are controllable, in addition, the conversion rate is complete and the laboratory yield is higher than 95%.

The present invention relates to a thermal conductive silicone composition comprising a siloxane containing a hydrolytic group represented by the formula (1):

where;

• R¹: a group containing an alkoxysiloxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms,
• R²: a siloxane represented by the following formula (2) or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, X: a divalent hydrocarbon group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a and b: integers of 1 or more, c: an integer of 0 or more, the sum of a+b+c: an integer of 4 or more,
• R³: a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom, provided that R³s may be the same as or different from each other;
• R⁴: a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms,
• Y: a group selected from a methyl group, a vinyl group and R¹, and d: an integer of 2 to 500.

Recovery of viscous hydrocarbon by hot fluid injection into subterranean formations is assisted by using a specially designed and under-reamed vertical wellbore with multiple injection perforations separated from the production perforations by a moveable packer. In this oil recovery method the operator drills a typical vertical well, in which a cavity is developed below the pay zone by under-reaming the vertical wellbore to form a collection cavity. This under-reaming can be made up to several feet in diameter using standard reaming technology and tools. Steam is injected into the upper perforations and is prevented from bypassing the cold formation by a vertical hydraulic seal developed in an annular communication zone. Hot oil is produced into the lower perforations and is collected in the reamed out production cavity. A producing mechanism including pumping equipment lifts the produced oil from the central cavity to the surface.

The invention relates to a method for directly preparing propylene from crude methanol, wherein, in an integrated unit for preparing the methanol and preparing the propylene from the methanol, the crude methanol directly enters a multistage adiabatic fixed bed reactor loaded with an acid molecular sieve catalyst without rectification and purification to prepare low carbon olefin with the propyleneas a main component. In the method, steam and circulating hydrocarbon as diluent, and a mixture of the crude methanol and water is used for interstage cold shock to control reaction temperature of the reactor in each stage. The method helps obtain high propylene yield, and obviously reduce investment and energy consumption of the integrated unit for preparing the methanol and preparing the propylene from the methanol.

This disclosure concerns a static oil/water separation chamber that is installed in a well extending to an underaround production formation containing hydrocarbon oil and water. The separation chamber has an inlet for receiving well fluid from a section below the separation chamber and two outlets. One outlet discharges a water-enriched component into a discharge well section, and the other outlet produces an oil-enriched component. The height of the separation chamber is larger than the thickness of the dispersion band that is formed under normal operating conditions.

Provided is a shaped article for clean rooms comprising a resin composition prepared by melt-kneading 100 parts by weight of a cyclic olefin polymer (A) having a glass transition temperature of from 60 to 200° C., from 1 to 150 parts by weight of a flexible copolymer (B) prepared by polymerizing at least two monomers selected from a group consisting of olefins, dienes and aromatic vinyl-hydrocarbons, and having a glass transition temperature of 0° C. or lower, from 0.001 to 1 part by weight of a radical initiator (C), and from 0 to 1 part by weight of a polyfunctional compound (D) having at least two radical-polymerizable functional groups in the molecule. The shaped article for clean rooms has good chemical resistance, heat resistance and dimensional accuracy, it is inhibited from releasing a volatile component around it, and it has good abrasion resistance and is inhibited from producing particles.

The invention relates to a method for degrading malodorous gas by coupling a biotrickling filter with dielectric barrier discharge and is used for mainly solving the problem in the prior art that total hydrocarbon cannot be effectively degraded when malodorous components in malodorous waste gas are effectively removed. By adopting the method for degrading the malodorous gas by coupling the biotrickling filter with the dielectric barrier discharge, the malodorous gas enters a buffering tank after entering a water-membrane separator to remove one part of water; after the waste gas flowing out of the buffering tank is monitored by a total hydrocarbon analyzer, the detected waste gas enters dielectric barrier discharge plasma equipment; the waste gas discharged from the dielectric barrier discharge plasma equipment is treated by an ozone analyzer to remove ozone, and then enters at least one biotrickling tower; the waste gas treated by the biotrickling tower is discharged from the biotrickling tower. By adopting the technical scheme, the problems are solved and the method can be used for degrading the malodorous gas.

Methods and systems for the production of hydrocarbon products, including providing a substrate comprising CO to a bioreactor containing a culture of one or more micro-organisms; and fermenting the culture in the bioreactor to produce one or more hydrocarbon products. The substrate comprising CO is derived from a CO2 reforming process.

This invention relates to the field of treating subterranean formations to increase production. The method of the current invention is particularly useful in hydrocarbon wells that are long, for example, in excess of one kilometer. The method providing increasing production from a primary wellbore by intersecting this wellbore with a secondary wellbore near to the hydrocarbon production zone such that acid treatment or other treatment can be directed to the intersection.

The invention relates to the use of a composition as an agent for blowing a projected biocomponent polyurethane foam, said composition including 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropane and/or 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and at least one additional compound selected from among hydrochlorofluoroolefins, hydrofluoroolefins, hydrochloroolefins, hydrofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, hydrocarbons, substituted or non-substituted ethers, substituted or non-substituted alcohols, substituted or non-substituted aldehydes, substituted or non-substituted ketones and substituted or non-substituted esters. Said composition has a boiling point greater than or equal to 20° C. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing polyurethane foam on the basis of the use above and moreover relates to specific compositions that are appropriate for implementing the invention.

Contemplated configurations and methods for elemental sulfur removal from various gases, and especially well acid gases employ a hydrocarbon solvent that dissolves the sulfur to form a rich solvent and that is then regenerated by hydrotreating. Thus, sulfur is removed from the rich solvent as H2S that may then be processed (e.g., in Claus unit or absorption unit) while the regenerated solvent is routed back to the well and associated production pipes.

A gas measurement system includes a sensor element and an associated electronic control unit (ECU) or the like connected thereto for receiving sensor element emf outputs. The ECU is configured to provide output signals or parameters indicative of ammonia and heavy HC gas concentrations. The sensor element has an NH₃ sensor electrode output and a NO_x sensor electrode output. The information conveyed by the NO_x sensor electrode output may be selectively used by the ECU, in accord with so-called emf selection rules, to correct for a cross-interference effect that NO₂ has on the NH₃ electrode. Heavy HC gas concentrations may cause electrochemical activity on the NH₃ electrode, and can be misinterpreted. A further emf selection rule is configured to detect the presence of heavy HC gas and is used by the ECU to suppress an output signal or parameter indicative of an ammonia gas concentration.

A liquid feed material such as a heavy hydrocarbon feed in liquid form is contacted with a fluidized bed of heated solid particles which have a bulk horizontal velocity which is generally perpendicular to the flow of a fluidizing medium. The liquid feed material reacts on the solid particles to produce a vapor phase product, which vapor phase product is collected in a vapor collection apparatus.

A grease composition includes a base oil and a thickener. The base oil includes a hydrocarbon-based synthetic oil at 40 mass % or more, and a component A at 20 mass % to 70 mass %, the component A having a kinematic viscosity of 70 mm²/s or less at 40 degrees C. A kinematic viscosity of the base oil is in a range from 200 mm²/s to 2000 mm²/s at 40 degrees C. A worked penetration of the grease composition is in a range from 220 to 350.

Process for producing low-molecular olefins by pyrolysis of hydrocarbons comprising mixing of feedstock with steam-diluent, preheating the resulting mixture, rapid heating the said mixture up to pyrolysis temperature and maintaining this temperature inside reactor during residence time, quenching product stream and subsequent fractionation of products. The reactor has an annular work cavity where stationary blades and rotatable work blades are located. A ring vortex flow is created and maintained in the work cavity when the work blades are rotated. A heat needed for pyrolysis is generated due to hydrodynamic drag of rotated work blades. Heating the mixture up to pyrolysis temperature is performed by mixing with hot process stream recirculated in the work cavity for a negligible time in comparison with the residence time. The process enables increase of the low-molecular olefins yield.

A process for the catalytic dehydrogenation of a C3+ feed hydrocarbon. The hydrocarbon feedstock is initially divided and a first portion of the feedstock is introduced into a first dehydrogenation reaction zone operated without oxidative reheat and the resulting effluent is introduced into a second dehydrogenation reaction zone operated without oxidative reheat. The resulting effluent from the second dehydrogenation reaction zone is introduced along with a second portion of the feedstock into a third dehydrogenation reaction zone operated with oxidative reheat.

The invention discloses an N-sulfenyl -N-allyl substituted amide compound and a preparation method thereof. The N-sulfenyl -N-allyl substituted amide compound is prepared by adopting N-alkyloxyamide and ally hydrocarbon thioether as raw materials and RuCl2(PPh3)3 compound as a catalyst to react in an organic solvent or under solvent-free condition in an air atmosphere in the presence of phenylhydroxamic acid and silver acetate. The preparation method is mild in reaction conditions, wide in substrate application range and simple in operation; and the product is N-sulfenyl substituted amide compound and is good in derivation application potential.