29 results about "Pyrolysis" patented technology

The invention provides a sludge-based adsorbent used for desulfurization and demercuration of flue-gas and a preparation method thereof. The sludge-based adsorbent employs municipal sludge and/or papermaking sludge as a raw material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding an activator and a physical conditioning agent into sludge slurry and carrying out mixing under stirring and mechanical dehydration; carrying out grinding and screening after drying; and carrying out physical activation after pyrolysis in an inert atmosphere so as to prepare the sludge-based adsorbent. According to the invention, the sludge slurry is used as a raw material, and uniformity of the activator and the physical conditioning agent is improved by using a wet method and the means of mixing; the activator and the physical conditioning agent can reduce repulsive interaction and hydrophilic interaction among electronegative sludge particles, and a porous lattice structure with a hard texture and good permeability is formed in a sludge cake obtained after pressure filtration and dehydration; the prepared adsorbent can be used for desulfurization and demercuration of flue-gas; and the preparation method has the advantages of simple procedures, easily controllable conditions, capacity of realizing harmony and unity of sludge treatment and resource utilization and good economic benefits, environmental benefits and social benefits.

Equipment and a process to produce biofuel by fast pyrolysis of organic material, comprising a system of three interconnected serial fluidized bed reactors: a fast pyrolysis reactor located inside another reactor wherein charcoal is burned; a combustion reactor that burns the charcoal generated in the fast pyrolysis reactor; and a preheating reactor to preheat inert particulate material. The equipment also includes a pneumatic recycling system for inert particulate material.

A biomass pyrolysis gasification multifunctional iron-based catalyst and a preparation method thereof are disclosed. The preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) carrier pretreatment: placing CaO in a muffle furnace for calcining, then grinding and screening to prepare CaO carrier particles; (2) introduction of a main active component: mixing the CaO carrier particles with a Fe(NO3)3.9H2O solution, stirring and immersing, drying, calcining and grinding; (3) introduction of an auxiliary active component: mixing the sample prepared by the step (2) with a Ce(NO3)3.6H2O solution, stirring, immersing, drying, placing the obtained sample in a muffle furnace for calcining, placing the calcined sample in a dryer to cool to room temperature, grinding, then mixing the obtained powder with a Zr(NO3)4.5H2O solution, stirring, immersing, drying, then placing the sample in a muffle furnace for calcining, then placing the calcined sample in a dryer to cool to room temperature, and then grinding; and (4) shaping of the catalyst: performing shaping on the obtained catalyst, and screening to obtain the catalyst finished product.

The invention relates to a system for urban sludge flue gas drying middle-temperature pyrolysis carboization. The system comprises a hot air device and a feed storage metering device, a low-temperature flue gas drying device, a bag-type dust remover, a middle-temperature pyrolysis carboization device, a flue gas waste heat recovery device and a tail gas purification and deodorization device which are connected in sequence, and the hot air device supplies hot air to the low-temperature flue gas drying device and the middle-temperature pyrolysis carboization device. According to the system for urban sludge flue gas drying middle-temperature pyrolysis carboization, by means of optimal combination of the system and energy gradient utilization, the energy consumption of the system is reduced, and the thermal efficiency is effectively improved; by means of middle-temperature pyrolysis, the problem that coking and blocking are caused by local overheating of the sludge is solved, and the reliability of the system is improved. The system adopts a low-temperature flue gas drying technology and serves as front section sludge drying core equipment, the atomizing drying efficiency is high, and the time is short; a principle of combining the drying section with a spouted bed and a fluidized bed can effectively control the particle size of dried discharging materials to be 2-4 mm, and the subsequent carbonization efficiency is effectively improved.

Disclosed is a pyrolysis reaction process. The process can be advantageously accomplished using a pyrolysis reactor that has a primary reaction zone comprised of bed packing having multiple passages through the bed packing and a secondary reaction zone having an open flow arrangement. The process includes a step of injecting a pyrolysis feed comprising a first hydrocarbon into the primary reaction zone to produce a primary pyrolysis product containing unsaturated hydrocarbon. A reactive feed comprising a second hydrocarbon is injected into the secondary reaction zone to mix with the primary pyrolysis product and produce a secondary pyrolysis product.

The invention discloses a method for preparing active carbon from biomass, and active carbon prepared by using the method. According to the method, the active carbon with an ultra-high specific surface area is prepared through baking, breaking, rapid stirring and chelating of an appropriate proportion of an activating agent, high-temperature pyrolysis and activation, acid washing and other steps. Compared to active carbon in the prior art, the active carbon of the invention has the advantages of usage of widely available and cheap raw materials, reutilization of the waste, rich pores and ultra large specific surface area, and has important application value in the fields of electrochemistry and pollutant adsorption. The method is simple in steps and suitable for industrial mass production.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing tungsten oxide and tungsten powder from scheelite. The method uses the scheelite as a raw material and comprises the following steps: (1) conducting leaching reaction; (2) conducting filtering and washing; (3) conducting hydrogen peroxide extraction-decomposition to extract tungsten; (4) conducting hydrogen peroxide multiple dissolution-decomposition to purify tungstic acid; (5) pure tungstic acid calcination to prepare tungsten trioxide; and (6) conducting peroxotungstic acid solution spraying pyrolysis to prepare tungsten oxide and tungsten powder. The method only consumes cheap and easily available sulfuric acid, greatly reduces the decomposition cost of the scheelite and uses sulfuric acid to decompose; decomposed residues are gypsum; the gypsum can be used as building materials; the method does not produce dangerous waste alkali cooking residues, greatly reduces production and operation costs of enterprises, uses hydrogen peroxide as an extractant of tungstic acid, does not produce ammonia nitrogen wastewater, eliminates the technology of producing the ammonia nitrogen wastewater for many years in tungsten smelting, greatly reduces environmental protection costs, directly produces various tungsten end products and tungsten powder, and improves added value of products of the tungsten smelting enterprises.

The invention discloses a silicon carbide foamed ceramic, and a liquid metal filter produced therefrom. The silicon carbide foamed ceramic is produced through the following steps: performing a hydrosilylation reaction on polycarbosilane and vinyl group-containing silane to synthesize thermosetting polycarbosilane, performing impregnation by using organic foam as a template to obtain an organic foam preform containing the thermosetting polycarbosilane, performing heat treatment on the foam preform to achieve solvent removal and polycarbosilane cross-linking and solidifying, and finally carryingout high-temperature pyrolysis to obtain the silicon carbide foamed ceramic. The silicon carbide foamed ceramic has characteristics of high strength, excellent temperature resistance, excellent thermal shock resistance and excellent heat conduction performance, and has great application values in the filtration of molten metal.

The invention provides a swirl pulverized coal burner based on in-advance pyrolysis. The swirl pulverized coal burner based on in-advance pyrolysis is particularly suitable for burning fire coal withlow quality, so that the burning stability of a fire coal boiler can be improved, meanwhile, the burning efficiency of the low-quality fire coal is improved, and the generation of NOx is reduced. Theswirl burner comprises a center air pipe, a primary air pipe, an inner secondary air pipe and an outer secondary air pipe, wherein an outlet end of the center air pipe is located in the primary air pipe; a center air and primary air pre-mixing area is formed between the outlet end of the center air pipe and an outlet end of the primary air pipe; the pre-mixing area is located in the primary air pipe and is connected with an inlet of hearth; a swirler is arranged in the inner secondary air pipe; and a swirler is arranged at an inlet end of the outer secondary air pipe.

Process for producing low-molecular olefins by pyrolysis of hydrocarbons comprising mixing of feedstock with steam-diluent, preheating the resulting mixture, rapid heating the said mixture up to pyrolysis temperature and maintaining this temperature inside reactor during residence time, quenching product stream and subsequent fractionation of products. The reactor has an annular work cavity where stationary blades and rotatable work blades are located. A ring vortex flow is created and maintained in the work cavity when the work blades are rotated. A heat needed for pyrolysis is generated due to hydrodynamic drag of rotated work blades. Heating the mixture up to pyrolysis temperature is performed by mixing with hot process stream recirculated in the work cavity for a negligible time in comparison with the residence time. The process enables increase of the low-molecular olefins yield.

The invention discloses a fast pyrolysis reactor which comprises a reactor body, a plurality of radiant tubes and a plurality of baffle plates, wherein the multiple radiant tubes are horizontally arranged at different heights in the reactor body in the same direction in a spacing manner; the radiant tubes on the adjacent height layers are staggered; the multiple baffle plates are arranged above the corresponding radiant tubes; vertical projections of the baffle plates cover the corresponding radiant tubes. The fast pyrolysis reactor provided by the invention is simple in structure and small in occupied area and can effectively pyrolyze powdered carbon-containing fuel.

The invention relates to a purification device in a biomass waste resource pyrolysis and gasification system; a container is divided into a drip washing room and a gas-liquid separating room by using a vertical baffle plate; an air inlet and an air outlet are respectively arranged at the top parts of the drip washing room and the gas-liquid separating room; the drip washing room is communicated with the gas-liquid separating room through a purifying solvent circulating opening; the container is filled with the purifying solvent; a spray header of the drip washing room is communicated with the bottom of the container through a delivery pump; flow distributing plates are arranged in the drip washing room; spargers are arranged in the gas-liquid separating room; the air inlet is connected below the flow distributing plate at the bottom layer through a gas guiding pipe; one end of a gas conveying pipe in the gas-liquid separating room is communicated with the upper part of the drip washing room, and the other end of the gas conveying pipe is arranged in the purifying solvent; and gas circulates openings on the two adjacent spargers are respectively arranged at the two sides of the gas-liquid separating room. The purification device integrates functions such as drip washing, bath washing, gas-liquid seperation, counterseal, filtering and the like in a simple structure manner, has compact structure and occupies small space; and liquid particles are separated from gas through the spargers so as to be prevented from damaging follow-up devices.

A method of decontaminating solids contaminated with chlorinated hydrocarbons includes a first step of heating the contaminated solids at a temperature high enough to volatize chlorine contaminates but below a temperature range favorable to the formation of the dioxins and furans to dechlorinate the contaminated solids. Volatilized chlorine contaminates are removed from the dechlorinated contaminated solids. The dechlorinated contaminated solids are then purged with an inert gas to remove oxygen from the dechlorinated contaminated solids. Thereafter the dechlorinated contaminated solids are heated in the absence of oxygen to a temperature sufficient to crack hydrocarbons contaminating the solids to lower molecular weight hydrocarbons.

The invention discloses a full-load denitration device with a urea fume pyrolysis function and relates to the technical field of boilers. Key techniques of 'urea fume pyrolysis' and 'full-load denitration' are adopted, the device comprises equipment such as a boiler tail flue transferring chamber, a bypass flue, a bypass flue adjusting door, an expansion joint, a closing door, a urea solution metering and allocation device, a urea solution spray gun, an ammonia gas flow equalizing device and a main flue adjusting door, a fume bypass is arranged above a low-temperature overheater in the boilertail flue transferring chamber, an ammonia ejection device and a structure similar to a boiler partition wall are arranged inside the bypass flue, and full-load denitration and urea fume pyrolysis ofa boiler can be carried out. Electric energy and other fuel energy required by urea pyrolysis can be replaced. By adopting the device, equipment such as a urea pyrolysis furnace, a diluted air-power heater or a fuel oil/gas flue heater and an ammonia spraying grid of the prior art can be replaced, and the device is simple and smart in structure, and stable and reliable in effect.

The invention provides a pyrolytic process method for directly drying pulverized coal through semicoke. The pyrolytic process method includes the steps that 1, to-be-pyrolyzed pulverized coal is fed into a rotary screen for screening, fine pulverized coal is fed into an airheater, and residual pulverized coal is fed into a semicoke-pulverized coal heat exchanger for drying and dehydration; 2, high-temperature hot smoke generated when the fine pulverized coal is burnt in the airheater is sequentially cooled through a pyrolysis kiln and a drying preheater and discharged, a part of the smoke is returned to the airheater to serve as return air, a part of the smoke is used as moisture carrying gas, and residual smoke is discharged outwards; 3, the pulverized coal dehydrated through the semicoke-pulverized coal heat exchanger enters the draying preheater for further drying; 4, the further-dehydrated pulverized coal enters the pyrolysis kiln for pyrolysis; 5, pyrolysis smoke generated in the pyrolysis kiln sequentially passes through a settling chamber and a filter and is transferred into following processes for treatment, the hot smoke discharged from the pyrolysis kiln enters the drying preheater and is cooled and discharged, and hot semicoke discharged from the pyrolysis kiln is cooled through the semicoke-pulverized coal heat exchanger and transported to a semicoke storage yard. The to-be-pyrolyzed pulverized coal is dried directly through waste heat of the semicoke, and the use efficiency of heat energy is high.

The invention provides a preparation method of a ceramic material with a hollow tube micro-lattice structure. The method comprises the following steps: 1, preparing raw materials; enabling the modified ceramic precursor in the molten state to pass through a direct writing forming device; preparing a ceramic material with a three-dimensional lattice structure, printing in a protective atmosphere toobtain a rough blank with a three-dimensional lattice structure, carrying out incomplete cross-linking reaction on the rough blank with the three-dimensional lattice structure in a cross-linking atmosphere to obtain an incomplete cross-linked blank; and removing uncross-linked parts in the blank to obtain a hollow tube micro-lattice precursor bracket, and carrying out pyrolysis to obtain the hollow tube micro-lattice structure ceramic material. The ceramic material with a unique structure is obtained by combining an additive manufacturing technology with subsequent heat treatment, so that thedefects of high manufacturing cost and complex process of the conventional hollow tube micro-lattice material are overcome, and the thickness of the tube wall is regulated and controlled between 1 micron and 100 microns. The low density of the material is ensured, the high strength, high hardness, excellent chemical stability and thermal stability of the ceramic are maintained, and the ceramic sample piece with various structures and complex shapes is obtained.

The invention relates to a method for determining content of crosslinked glucan filled in sodium hyaluronate gel. The method comprises the following steps: 1) using a pyrolysis gas chromatography-massspectrometry method for pyrolysis analysis of a plurality of groups of pure crosslinked glucan products with different masses and obtaining the linear relationship between the peak area and the massof a characteristic cracking peak according to a pyrolysis chromatogram; wherein the characteristic cracking peak is a characteristic cracking peak of glycerol; 2) performing the pyrolysis analysis ona sample to be tested, obtaining the peak area of the characteristic cracking peak of the sample to be tested according to the appearance time of the characteristic cracking peak, and obtaining the mass or content of the crosslinked glucan filled in the sample to be tested. The method is simple and quick to operate, and is accurate and reliable in results.

The invention discloses a cylinder swinging type slag falling device adopted during waste pyrolysis. The cylinder swinging type slag falling device adopted during waste pyrolysis is composed of a pyrolysis upper furnace body (1), a grid type pyrolysis frame (2), a pyrolysis lower furnace body (3) and a cylinder swinging slag falling unit (4), wherein the pyrolysis upper furnace body (1) is connected with the pyrolysis lower furnace body (3); the grid type pyrolysis frame (2) is placed on the step of the pyrolysis lower furnace body (3); the cylinder swinging slag falling unit (4) is arranged on the two sides of the grid type pyrolysis frame (2); and a first supporting lug (7-1) and a second supporting lug (7-2) are arranged on the two sides of the grid type pyrolysis frame (2) to be matched with the cylinder swinging slag falling unit (4). The cylinder swinging type slag falling device adopted during waste pyrolysis is novel in structure, by arranging the cylinder swinging slag fallingunit, the supporting lugs can be pushed during cylinder swinging, then the grid type pyrolysis frame can be pushed, domestic garbage slag materials in the grid type pyrolysis frame after pyrolysis can automatically fall in a shaking manner, the troublesome that the slag materials need to be manually pulled out little by little is avoided, and very high practicability is achieved.

The invention relates to a solvent extraction method for hydrocarbon substances in a trace rock sample, and relates to the technical field of solvent extraction. The solvent extraction method comprises the following steps: grinding a trace rock sample, adding an organic solvent, sealing, soaking, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, and centrifuging to obtain an extract, and the trace amount being less than 1g; carrying out fluorescence quantitative analysis on the extract to determine the oil concentration; when the oil concentration of the extract is greater than 0.01 mg/L, repeating the extraction step; otherwise, ending extraction to obtain the hydrocarbon substances. The solvent extraction method provided by the invention fills the blank of organic solvent extraction of hydrocarbon substances in a trace sample, can realize accurate quantification of the oil content of shale and analysis of the composition of the hydrocarbon substances in the shale by combining extract pyrolysis analysis and extraction liquid chromatographic analysis, and powerfully supports current shale oil exploration evaluation. The method has the advantages of simple operation, batch treatment, less time consumption, less organic solvent consumption and environmental friendliness.

The invention discloses a soil pollution remediation device which comprises a base and an outer shell arranged on the base, a funnel-shaped opening is formed in the upper portion of the outer shell, the opening is communicated with a separation cavity formed in the outer shell, a feeding pool is arranged on one side of the outer shell, and a first conveying belt is arranged between the feeding pool and the opening; a crushing mechanism is arranged above the separation cavity, and a separation auger is obliquely arranged in the separation cavity; when the device is used, the first conveying belt conveys contaminated soil placed in the feeding pool into the opening, the smashing mechanism smashes the soil entering the separation cavity, the smashed soil passes through a filter sieve to separate out garbage such as crushed cloth or plastic bags in the soil, the remediation effect of the soil pollution remediation device is improved, and then the soil passing through the separation auger enters the treatment chamber from the inlet of the treatment chamber to perform photolysis treatment and pyrolysis treatment on organic pollutants in the soil.

When pyrolysis or incineration treatment is adopted by the soil which is contaminated by organic matter, the smoke is prone to generating a carbon deposit on a furnace wall. The effective volume is reduced, the blockage is also prone to being caused, and the treatment efficiency is affected. The carbon deposit is not conveniently examined, CO2 and O2 sensors are often adopted to estimate the carbon deposit generation degree, the reliability is low, chemicals are mostly adopted to clean the carbon deposit away, and the cleaning process is complex. The invention provides a furnace wall of a contaminated soil pyrolysis or incineration furnace. The structure of the furnace wall can achieve the effects that no chemical exists, and the carbon deposit on the furnace wall is easily and instantly cleaned away; a worker just observes the furnace wall from the exterior or irradiates the furnace wall through lamplight so that the portion with the carbon deposit can be judged; only the portion withthe carbon deposit is cleaned away in a selective mode, and other portions are not involved; and the carbon deposit forming portion is induced.

The invention relates to a method and equipment for producing liquid fuel oil by catalytically modifying methanol fuel and waste oil. The method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps of: heating methanol fuel and waste oil; guiding the heated methanol fuel and waste oil into a pyrolysis pipeline; introducing hot steam into the pyrolysis pipeline, heating the pyrolysis pipeline in a heating environment; guiding the gasified raw materials in a catalyst bed layer molecular sieve through the pyrolysis pipeline so that the gasified raw materials are catalytically modified, composited and dehydrated; and cooling to obtain low-carbon biological liquid fuel oil. The equipment disclosed by the invention is of a reaction tower type structure; an oil gas outlet is arranged at the top of a reaction tower; a steam cap equalizer and the bed layer molecular sieve are arranged at the upper end of the reaction tower; a heating chamber and a steam generation chamber are arranged at the bottom of the tower; and the pyrolysis pipeline is spirally arranged at the middle part of the tower. According to the method, vehicular gasoline and diesel are prepared from methanol fuel and biological waste oil through gas hot steam, catalytic modification; the octane number of methanol gasoline is increased by 3-5; the cetane number of methanol diesel is increased by 6-9; and the oil quality and the power attribute of methanol biological liquid fuel are improved.

The invention provides a preparation method of graphene conductive alumina ceramics, which utilizes the physical and chemical stability, unique sheet structure and excellent electrical conductivity of graphene materials to improve the strength and toughness of alumina ceramics, and endows alumina ceramics with conductive function; the invention belongs to the field of inorganic functional composite materials, and its preparation method is: (1) dispersion of graphene in liquid silica gel; (2) coordination, surface treatment and drying of alumina powder; (3) ) uniform mixing of silica gel dispersed with graphene and aluminum oxide powder through compounding and surface treatment; (4) molding and hot molding vulcanization and product size modification of materials mixed in step (3); 5) Preliminary hot-pressing cracking to form the vulcanized product in (4); (6) Vacuum high-temperature sintering of the preliminary cracked product to finally obtain an alumina ceramic material product with good compactness, excellent mechanical properties, and electrical conductivity.